Heating domestic water with photovoltaic panels is a good solution for people who want to reduce expenses related to the use of electricity and enjoy maintenance-free operation of the system all year round. Check out how to adapt the installation for this purpose and what heater power to choose.
Optimal heaters for photovoltaic panels: selection of heaters
The basic elements of a photovoltaic system for heating water are a boiler, which should be selected for the power of the system, and an inverter that converts direct current into alternating current. The electricity converted by the inverter is then used to power the boiler heater.
How to choose a heater for photovoltaic panels? Suppose a standard installation includes 4 photovoltaic modules with a power of 280 W. To effectively heat the water, it is enough to use a heater with a capacity of 2500 or 3000 V. Investors who plan to purchase monocrystalline panels must be aware that to achieve the expected effects, the use of more powerful models is required than in the case of the polycrystalline version. The power of the entire set most often fluctuates in the range from 2000 to 4000 W.
Winter and summer: how the heater supports the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell
Correct selection of a heater for photovoltaic panels It is necessary to fully exploit their potential. Constant resistance causes the heating element to be able to receive full power from the panels, only at a certain light intensity. Given that strong solar radiation is rare in temperate climates. Direct hook-up Photovoltaic heaters It does not give you the opportunity to use their full power.
Also check out: Replacing the heater in the boiler step by step
Why are heaters a valuable addition to a photovoltaic system?
You don't know How to choose a heater for panels photovoltaic or do you have doubts whether the designed system will be effective? First, determine the power of the photovoltaic panels and the estimated values of the generated electricity. Also consider how much electricity you really need. Calculator for choosing a heater for photovoltaic panels is a useful tool that will make it easier for you to make a decision. Check also the breakdown of the power of the heaters for voltage 230 V.
Table — selection of a heater for photovoltaic panels:
Heater resistance [Ω]
52.9 Ω35.3 Ω26.5 Ω21.2 Ω17.6 Ω
Optimum heater power (W) for 230V in monocrystalline modules
Number of panelsSystem voltage (V) System power (V) 1000 W1500 WCurrent [A] 2000 WCurrent [A] 2500 WCurrent [A] 3000 WCurrent [A]4132930 8186,29827,451651163 10236,212797,815359,361971395 14737,518429,3 72301628 15046,620058,7 82631860 19647,5261910 92962093 24868,4331511,2
Optimum heater power (W) for 230V voltage in polycrystalline modules
Number of panelsSystem voltage (V) System power (V) 1000 W1500 WCurrent [A] 2000 WCurrent [A] 2500 WCurrent [A] 3000 WCurrent [A]4124840 7315,98787,151561050 11437,313718,861871260 1316716468.8 72181470 13446,217928,2224010.3 82491680 1755723409.4 92801890 22217,8296210,6
Frequently asked questions about the selection and installation of photovoltaic heaters
What are they heaters for photovoltaic panels?
Photovoltaic heater can be directly connected to a tank with water or to heat exchangers. The choice depends on the design of the heating system and personal preferences.
What to look for when choosing a heater?
Water heating heaters must be matched to the size and capacity of the tank. If you have a large tank, install a heating element of greater power. Correct selection of a heater for panels is a guarantee of efficient operation of the installation.
Does a heater with higher wattage mean more savings?
Not always. Selection of the power of the heater for photovoltaic panels should be thought out. It happens that higher power generates higher operating costs.
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